11 附录-11.2 关键字-Transwarp ArgoDB-星环科技

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11.2 关键字

更新时间：11/25/2024, 7:02:59 AM

在 ArgoDB 的 SQL 语法中，有特殊意义的词叫做关键词。关键词由保留关键词和非保留关键词组成。

保留关键词：属于关键词，而且不能用于命名任何实体或者对象，例如（但不仅限于）列，表，数据库，分区，函数，游标，数据库连接，（除了表以外的）别名。

保留关键词使用方法（不推荐）：

create table `begin`.`and`(`as` int);复制

其中 begin，and，as 都是保留关键词。

非保留关键词：虽然是关键词，但是可以用于命名大部分实体或者对象，例如（但不仅限于）列，表，数据库，分区，函数，游标，数据库连接，（除了表以外的）别名。但是部分实体命名也不能使用非保留关键词，详见非保留关键词的受限范围。

保留关键词

ArgoDB 支持 Oracle、DB2、Teradata 方言。在不同的方言下，保留关键词有所不同。

A ~ D

表 39. 保留关键词方言列表 A ~ D
保留关键字	Oracle	Db2	Teradata
ADD	√	√	√
ALL	√	√	√
ALLOCATE	—	√	√
AND	√	√	√
ANTISEMI	√	√	√
ANY	√	√	√
APPEND	√	√	√
APPPROPERTIES	√	√	√
AS	√	√	√
ASSOCIATE	—	√	√
ATOMIC	—	√	√
AUDIT	√	√	√
AUTONOMOUS	—	√	√
AUTONOMOUS_TRANSACTION	√	—	—
BATCHINSERT	√	√	√
BATCHUPDATE	√	√	√
BATCHVALUES	√	√	√
BEGIN	√	√	√
BETWEEN	√	√	√
BFILE	√	√	√
BITMAP	√	√	√
BLACKLIST	√	√	√
BLOB	√	√	√
BOTH	—	—	√
BREAK	√	√	√
BULK	√	√	√
BY	√	√	√
CALL	√	√	√
CALLED	—	√	√
CASE	√	√	√
CAST	√	√	√
CHAR	√	√	√
CLOB	√	√	√
CLOSE	√	√	√
CLUSTER	√	√	√
COLLECT	√	√	√
COLUMN	√	√	√
COLUMN_ALIAS_LIST	—	—	√
COLUMN_LIST	—	—	√
COMMENT	√	√	√
COMMIT	√	√	√
COMMITTED	√	√	√
COMPACTIONS	√	√	√
CONNECT	√	√	√
CONTAINS	—	√	√
CONTINUE	√	√	√
CREATE	√	√	√
CREATE_PROC	√	√	√
CROSS	√	√	√
CUBE	√	√	√
CURRENT	√	√	√
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP	√	√	√
CURSOR	√	√	√
DATABASE	√	√	√
DATADEBUG	√	√	√
DB2_RETURN_STATUS	—	√	—
DB2_SQL_NESTING_LEVEL	—	√	—
DB2_TOKEN_STRING	—	√	—
DEC	√	√	√
DECIMAL64	√	√	√
DECLARE	√	√	√
DEFINITION	—	√	√
DESC_PROC	√	√	√
DETERMINISTIC	—	√	√
DIAGNOSTICS	—	√	√
DISTINCT	√	√	√
DO	—	√	√
DOCVALUES	√	√	√
DROP	√	√	√
DROP_PROC	√	√	√
DYNAMIC	—	√	√

E ~ Q

表 40. 保留关键词方言列表 E ~ Q
保留关键字	Oracle	Db2	Teradata
ELSE	√	√	√
ELSEIF	√	√	√
ELSIF	√	√	√
END	√	√	√
ERRORS	√	√	√
ESCAPE	√	√	√
EXCEL	√	√	√
EXCEPT	√	√	√
EXCEPTION	√	√	√
EXCEPTION_INIT	√	—	—
EXCHANGE	√	√	√
EXCLUDE	√	√	√
EXECUTE	√	√	√
EXEC_PROC	√	√	√
EXIT	√	—	—
EXTENDED	√	√	√
EXTRACT	√	√	√
FOLLOWING	√	√	√
FOR	√	√	√
FORALL	√	—	—
FOUND	—	√	√
FROM	√	√	√
FUNCTION	√	√	√
GET	—	√	√
GOTO	√	√	√
GRANT	√	√	√
GROUP	√	√	√
HANDLER	—	√	√
HAS	√	√	√
HAVING	√	√	√
IDENTIFIED	√	√	√
IF	√	√	√
IMMEDIATE	√	√	√
IN	√	√	√
INCLUDE	√	√	√
INCLUDE_NULLS	—	—	√
INHERIT	—	√	√
INITIAL	√	√	√
INITRANS	√	√	√
INOUT	√	√	√
INSERT	√	√	√
INTERSECT	√	√	√
INTO	√	√	√
IS	√	√	√
ISOLATION	√	√	√
ITERATE	—	√	√
JOBPROPERTIES	√	√	√
JOIN	√	√	√
KEYEDBY	√	√	√
LEADING	—	—	√
LEAVE	—	√	√
LESS	√	√	√
LIKE	√	√	√
LINK	√	√	√
LOCATOR	—	√	√
LOCATORS	—	√	√
LOCK	√	√	√
LONG	√	√	√
LOOP	√	√	√
MACRO	√	√	√
MAP	√	√	√
MATCHED	√	√	√
MAXEXTENTS	√	√	√
MAXTRANS	√	√	√
MAXVALUE	√	√	√
MESSAGE_TEXT	—	√	√
MINEXTENTS	√	√	√
MODIFIES	—	√	√
MORE	√	√	√
NATURAL	√	√	√
NOAUDIT	√	√	√
NONE	√	√	√
NOT	√	√	√
NO_REWRITE	√	√	√
NULL	√	√	√
NUMBER	√	—	—
NUMERIC	√	√	√
NVARCHAR	√	√	√
OF	√	√	√
OFF	√	√	√
OFFSET	√	√	√
ON	√	√	√
OPEN	√	√	√
OR	√	√	√
ORDER	√	√	√
OVER	√	√	√
PARTIALSCAN	√	√	√
PARTPROPERTIES	√	√	√
PCTFREE	√	√	√
PCTUSED	√	√	√
PLSQL	√	√	√
PRAGMA	√	—	—
PRECEDING	√	√	√
PREPARE	—	√	√
PRESERVE	√	√	√
QUALIFY	√	√	—

R ~ Y

表 41. 保留关键词方言列表 R ~ Y
保留关键字	Oracle	Db2	Teradata
RAISE	√	—	—
RECORD	√	—	—
RECORDS	√	√	√
REDUCE	√	√	√
REJECT	√	√	√
RENAME	√	√	√
REPLICATION	√	√	√
RESIGNAL	—	√	√
RESULT_SET_LOCATOR	—	√	√
RETURN	√	√	√
RETURN_STATUS	—	√	—
REVOKE	√	√	√
REWRITE	√	√	√
ROLLBACK	√	√	√
ROLLUP	√	√	√
ROW	√	√	√
ROWTYPE	√	√	√
ROW_COUNT	—	√	√
SAVEPOINT	—	√	√
SECONDARY	√	√	√
SELECT	√	√	√
SERIALIZABLE	√	√	√
SERIALLY_REUSABLE	√	—	—
SESSION	—	√	√
SESSIONWINDOW	√	√	√
SET	—	√	—
SPECIAL	—	√	√
SPECIFIC	—	√	√
SQLEXCEPTION	—	√	√
SQLWARNING	—	√	√
START	√	√	√
STORAGE	√	√	√
STREAMS	√	√	√
SUBSTRING	√	√	√
SYSDATE	—	√	√
SYSTIME	√	√	√
SYSTIMESTAMP	√	√	√
TABLE	√	√	√
TABLESAMPLE	√	√	√
TABLESPACE	√	√	√
TAILING	—	—	√
THAN	√	√	√
THEN	√	√	√
TO	√	√	√
TRANSFORM	√	√	√
TRIGGER	√	√	√
UNBOUNDED	√	√	√
UNION	√	√	√
UNIQUE	√	√	√
UNIQUEJOIN	√	√	√
UNLIMITED	√	√	√
UNPIVOT_COLUMN	—	—	√
UNTIL	—	√	√
UPDATE	√	√	√
USER	√	√	√
USE_SNAPSHOT	√	√	√
VALUES	—	√	√
VALUE_COLUMNS	—	—	√
VARCHAR	√	√	√
VARCHAR2	√	√	√
VARYING	√	√	√
VIEW	√	√	√
VIEWS	√	√	√
WHEN	√	√	√
WHERE	√	√	√
WIDCARD	√	√	√
WINDOW	√	√	√
WITH	√	√	√
WITHOUT	√	√	√
YES	—	√	√
RUNTIME	√	√	√

非保留关键词

非保留关键词的受限范围

非保留关键词不能用于以下场景

非保留关键词不能用之处，保留关键词必定不能用

表和子查询的别名

-- "log" 是非保留关键词，只有作为表的别名时候不能使用它。
select log log from log log where log = 1;复制

with as 的表名

-- “int” 是非保留关键词。第一个“int” 是 with as 的表名，即使是非保留关键词也不能使用，但是后面的“int” 是表名，此处可以使用非保留关键词。
with int as (select * from system.dual) select * from int;复制

plsql 自定义类型

-- “int” 处不能使用非保留关键词。
type int is复制

package 名

-- 第一个“int” 是数据库名，可以用非保留关键词，第二个“int” 是package 名，不能使用非保留关键词。
create or replace package int.int is
pv int
procedure pbf_increase(i out nocopy int, dummy nocopy date)
end;复制

plsql goto label
```
goto int复制
```

窗口函数over后面的描述

SELECT *, Row_Number() over int FROM employee;复制

非保留关键字列表

ArgoDB 支持 Oracle、DB2、Teradata 方言。在不同的方言下，非保留关键词有所不同。

A ~ D

表 42. 非保留关键词方言列表 A ~ D
非保留关键字	Oracle	Db2	Teradata
ACTION	√	√	√
ADHOC	√	√	√
ADMIN	√	√	√
AFTER	√	√	√
ALTER	√	√	√
ANALYZE	√	√	√
ANALYZER	√	√	√
ANCHOR	—	√	√
APP	√	√	√
APPLICATION	√	√	√
APPLICATIONS	√	√	√
APPS	√	√	√
ARCHIVE	√	√	√
ARRAY	√	√	√
ASC	√	√	√
ASCII	—	√	√
AT	√	√	√
ATTACH	√	√	√
BACKUP	√	√	√
BEFORE	√	√	√
BIGINT	√	√	√
BINARY	√	√	√
BODY	√	—	—
BOOLEAN	√	√	√
BUCKET	√	√	√
BUCKETS	√	√	√
BULK_EXCEPTIONS	√	—	—
BULK_ROWCOUNT	√	—	—
BYTE	√	√	√
BYTEINT	—	—	√
CACHE	√	√	√
CACHEDMETRIC	√	√	√
CACHEDMETRICS	√	√	√
CALLER	—	√	√
CAPACITY	√	√	√
CASCADE	√	√	√
CASESPECIFIC	—	—	√
CBO	√	√	√
CCSID	—	√	√
CHANGE	√	√	√
CHARACTER	—	—	√
CHECK	√	√	√
CLIENT	—	√	√
CLUSTERED	√	√	√
CLUSTERSTATUS	√	√	√
COLLECTION	√	√	√
COLUMNS	√	√	√
COMBINE	√	√	√
COMPACT	√	√	√
COMPLETE	√	√	√
COMPRESS	—	—	√
COMPUTE	√	√	√
CONCATENATE	√	√	√
CONDITION	—	√	√
CONF	√	√	√
CONSTANT	√	√	√
CONSTRAINT	√	√	√
COST	√	√	√
COUNT_OPTIMIZED	√	√	√
CS	—	—	√
CSVFILE	√	√	√
CURRVAL	√	√	√
CUSTOM	√	√	√
CYCLE	√	√	√
DATA	√	√	√
DATABASES	√	√	√
DATE	√	√	√
DATETIME	√	√	√
DAY	√	√	√
DAYS	√	√	√
DBLINK	√	√	√
DBLINKPROPERTIES	√	√	√
DBLINK_CQ	√	√	√
DBPROPERTIES	√	√	√
DECIMAL	√	√	√
DEFAULT	√	√	√
DEFERRED	√	√	√
DEFINED	√	√	√
DELAY	√	√	√
DELETE	√	√	√
DELIMITED	√	√	√
DEPENDENCY	√	√	√
DESC	√	√	√
DESCRIBE	√	√	√
DETTACH	√	√	√
DIMENSION	√	√	√
DIRECTORIES	√	√	√
DIRECTORY	√	√	√
DISABLE	√	√	√
DISCARD	√	√	√
DISTRIBUTE	√	√	√
DOCSTORE	√	√	√
DOUBLE	√	√	√
DOWNGRADE	√	√	√
DUPLICATE	√	√	√

E ~ N

表 43. 非保留关键词方言列表 E ~ N
非保留关键字	Oracle	Db2	Teradata
EMIT	√	√	√
ENABLE	√	√	√
ES	√	√	√
ESCAPED	√	√	√
EVALUATIONCONTEXT	√	√	√
EXCEPTIONS	√	—	—
EXCLUSIVE	√	√	√
EXISTS	√	√	√
EXIT	—	√	√
EXPIRE	√	√	√
EXPLAIN	√	√	√
EXPORT	√	√	√
EXTERNAL	√	√	√
FACL	√	√	√
FACT	√	√	√
FALSE	√	√	√
FETCH	√	√	√
FIELDS	√	√	√
FILE	√	√	√
FILEFORMAT	√	√	√
FIRST	√	√	√
FLASHBACK	√	√	√
FLOAT	√	√	√
FOLLOWEDBY	√	√	√
FOREIGN	√	√	√
FORMAT	√	√	√
FORMATTED	√	√	√
FOUND	√	—	—
FULL	√	√	√
FULLTEXT	√	√	√
FUNCTIONCONTEXT	√	√	√
FUNCTIONS	√	√	√
FWCFILE	√	√	√
GEO	√	√	√
GLKJOIN	√	√	√
GLKMERGE	√	√	√
GLOBAL	√	√	√
GRAPHIC	√	√	√
GROUPING	√	√	√
HASH	√	√	√
HELP	—	—	√
HOLD	—	√	√
HOLD_DDLTIME	√	√	√
HOLODESK	√	√	√
HOUR	√	√	√
HOURS	√	√	√
HYPER2DRIVE	√	√	√
HYPERDRIVE	√	√	√
IDXPROPERTIES	√	√	√
IGNORE	√	√	√
IMPORT	√	√	√
INCREMENT	√	√	√
INDEX	√	√	√
INDEXES	√	√	√
INDICES	√	—	—
INFINITE	√	√	√
INIT	√	√	√
INNER	√	√	√
INPATH	√	√	√
INPUT	√	√	√
INPUTDRIVER	√	√	√
INPUTFORMAT	√	√	√
INT	√	√	√
INTEGER	√	√	√
INTERVAL	√	√	√
ISOPEN	√	—	—
ITEMS	√	√	√
JAR	√	√	√
JSON	√	√	√
KEY	√	√	√
KEYS	√	√	√
KUNDB	√	√	√
LANGUAGE	—	√	—
LAST	√	√	√
LATERAL	√	√	√
LEFT	√	√	√
LENGTH	√	√	√
LEVEL	√	√	√
LIMIT	√	√	√
LINES	√	√	√
LINKS	√	√	√
LIST	√	√	√
LOAD	√	√	√
LOCAL	√	√	√
LOCALPARALLELISM	√	√	√
LOCATION	√	√	√
LOCKS	√	√	√
LOG	√	√	√
LOGICAL	√	√	√
LOOKUP	√	√	√
MAPJOIN	√	√	√
MATERIALIZED	√	√	√
MEET	√	√	√
MERGE	√	√	√
MERGEJOIN	√	√	√
METRIC	√	√	√
METRICGROUP	√	√	√
METRICGROUPS	√	√	√
METRICPROPERTIES	√	√	√
METRICS	√	√	√
METRICSOURCE	√	√	√
METRICSOURCES	√	√	√
MINUS	√	√	√
MINUTE	√	√	√
MINUTES	√	√	√
MINVALUE	√	√	√
MOD	√	√	√
MODE	√	√	√
MONTH	√	√	√
MONTHS	√	√	√
MSCK	√	√	√
MULTISET	—	—	√
MUST	√	√	√
MUSTNOT	√	√	√
NAMED	—	—	√
NEW	—	√	√
NEXT	√	√	√
NEXTVAL	√	√	√
NF	√	√	√
NO	√	√	√
NOCACHE	√	√	√
NOCOPY	√	—	—
NOCYCLE	√	√	√
NOMAXVALUE	√	√	√
NOMINVALUE	√	√	√
NON_CORRELATED	√	√	√
NOORDER	√	√	√
NORELY	√	√	√
NORMAL	√	√	√
NOSCAN	√	√	√
NOTFOLLOWEDBY	√	√	√
NOTFOUND	√	—	—
NOTNEXT	√	√	√
NOVALIDATE	√	√	√
NO_DROP	√	√	√
NO_INDEX	√	√	√
NULLS	√	√	√
NUM	√	√	√
NUMBER	—	√	√

O ~ R

表 44. 非保留关键词方言列表 O ~ R
非保留关键字	Oracle	Db2	Teradata
OFFLINE	√	√	√
OLD	—	√	√
ONLY	√	√	√
OPTION	√	√	√
OP_CONCAT	√	√	√
ORC	√	√	√
ORC_TRANSACTION	√	√	√
ORDERBY_RANGE	√	√	√
OUT	√	√	√
OUTER	√	√	√
OUTPUTDRIVER	√	√	√
OUTPUTFORMAT	√	√	√
OVERWRITE	√	√	√
OWNER	√	√	√
PACKAGE	√	—	—
PACKAGES	√	—	—
PARAMETER	—	√	√
PARQUET	√	√	√
PARTIAL_UPDATE	√	√	√
PARTITION	√	√	√
PARTITIONED	√	√	√
PARTITIONS	√	√	√
PATTERN	√	√	√
PERCENT	√	√	√
PERMANENT	√	√	√
PERMISSION	√	√	√
PLANT	√	√	√
PLUS	√	√	√
POLICIES	√	√	√
POLICY	√	√	√
POLICYKEY	√	√	√
POLICYPROPERTIES	√	√	√
POLICYRULE	√	√	√
PRECOMPILE	√	√	√
PRETTY	√	√	√
PRIMARY	√	√	√
PRINCIPALS	√	√	√
PRINT	—	—	√
PRIOR	√	√	√
PRIORITY	√	√	√
PROCEDURE	√	√	√
PROMPT	√	√	√
PROTECTION	√	√	√
PUBLIC	√	√	√
PURGE	√	√	√
QUALIFY	—	—	√
QUIT	—	—	√
QUOTA	√	√	√
RANGE	√	√	√
RCFILE	√	√	√
READ	√	√	√
READONLY	√	√	√
READS	√	√	√
REAL	√	√	√
REBUILD	√	√	√
RECORDREADER	√	√	√
RECORDWRITER	√	√	√
REF	√	—	—
REFERENCES	√	√	√
REFRESH	√	√	√
REGEXP	√	√	√
REGISTERS	—	√	√
RELOAD	√	√	√
RELY	√	√	√
REMOVE	√	√	√
REPAIR	√	√	√
REPEAT	—	√	√
REPLACE	√	√	√
RESET	√	√	√
RESOURCE	√	√	√
RESPECT	√	√	√
RESTORE	√	√	√
RESTRICT	√	√	√
RESULT	—	√	√
RETURNS	—	√	√
REVERSE	√	—	—
REVERSION	√	√	√
RIGHT	√	√	√
RLIKE	√	√	√
ROLE	√	√	√
ROLES	√	√	√
ROUTED	√	√	√
ROWCOUNT	√	—	√
ROWS	√	√	√
RULE	√	√	√
RULEFUNCTION	√	√	√
RULEFUNCTIONPROPERTIES	√	√	√
RULEFUNCTIONS	√	√	√
RULEPROPERTIES	√	√	√
RULES	√	√	√
RULESET	√	√	√
RULESETS	√	√	√

S ~ Y

表 45. 非保留关键词方言列表 S ~ Y
非保留关键字	Oracle	Db2	Teradata
SAVE	√	—	—
SCHEDULER	√	√	√
SCHEMA	√	√	√
SCHEMAS	√	√	√
SCOPE	√	√	√
SEARCH	√	√	√
SECOND	√	√	√
SECONDS	√	√	√
SEGMENT	√	√	√
SEMI	√	√	√
SEPARATED	√	√	√
SEQUENCE	√	√	√
SEQUENCEFILE	√	√	√
SEQUENCES	√	√	√
SERDE	√	√	√
SERDEPROPERTIES	√	√	√
SERVER	√	√	√
SESSION	√	—	—
SESSIONEND	√	√	√
SET	√	—	√
SETPROPERTIES	√	√	√
SETS	√	√	√
SHARD	√	√	√
SHARED	√	√	√
SHOW	√	√	√
SHOW_DATABASE	√	√	√
SIGNAL	—	√	√
SKEWED	√	√	√
SKEWJOIN	√	√	√
SLIDE	√	√	√
SMALLINT	√	√	√
SNAPSHOT	√	√	√
SORT	√	√	√
SORTED	√	√	√
SOURCECONTEXT	√	√	√
SPACE	√	√	√
SPOOL	√	√	√
SQL	—	√	√
SQLSTATE	—	√	√
SSL	√	√	√
STARGATE	√	√	√
STARGATEDB	√	√	√
STATEMENT	—	√	√
STATISTICS	√	√	√
STELLARDB	√	√	√
STOP	√	√	√
STORAGE_POLICY	√	√	√
STORED	√	√	√
STRAIGHT_JOIN	√	√	√
STREAM	√	√	√
STREAMJOB	√	√	√
STREAMJOBS	√	√	√
STREAMTABLE	√	√	√
STREAMWINDOW	√	√	√
STRING	√	√	√
STRUCT	√	√	√
STRUCT_INDEX	√	√	√
SYNC	√	√	√
SYSDATE	√	—	—
TABLEID	√	√	√
TABLES	√	√	√
TABLESIZE	√	√	√
TABLET	√	√	√
TBLPROPERTIES	√	√	√
TD_UNPIVOT	—	—	√
TEMPORARY	√	√	√
TERMINATED	√	√	√
TEXTFILE	√	√	√
TIES	—	—	√
TIME	√	√	√
TIMELYRE	√	√	√
TIMES	√	√	√
TIMESTAMP	√	√	√
TINYINT	√	√	√
TITLE	—	—	√
TOP	—	—	√
TOUCH	√	√	√
TRANSACTION	√	√	√
TRANSACTIONS	√	√	√
TRIM	—	—	√
TRUE	√	√	√
TRUNCATE	√	√	√
TTL	√	√	√
TYPE	√	√	√
UC	—	—	√
UNARCHIVE	√	√	√
UNDO	√	√	√
UNICODE	—	√	√
UNIONTYPE	√	√	√
UNLOCK	√	√	√
UNSET	√	√	√
UNSIGNED	√	√	√
UNUSABLE	√	√	√
UPGRADE	√	√	√
UPPERCASE	—	—	√
UPSERT	√	√	√
URI	√	√	√
USE	√	√	√
USE_BULKLOAD	√	√	√
USE_DELETE_MARK	√	√	√
USE_INDEX	√	√	√
USING	√	√	√
UTC	√	√	√
UTC_TMESSTAMP	√	√	√
VALIDATE	√	√	√
VALUE	—	√	√
VALUES	√	—	—
VARGRAPHIC	√	√	√
VARRAY	√	—	—
VOLATILE	—	—	√
WAIT	√	√	√
WHILE	√	√	√
WITHIN	√	√	√
WORK	√	√	√
WRITE	√	√	√
YEAR	√	√	√
YEARS	√	√	√

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